

I have been talking about and sharing a lot of resources on Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter the last week that encourage WWII researchers to think outside the box for research. Move beyond the usual sites to help you dig deep and find resources you didn’t know existed (mostly because no one every told you to look!)
Let’s explore what may be available in university archive special collection using an example from the University at Illinois – Urbana-Champaign Student Life and Cultural Archives
What can you learn about a soldier’s life from these items?
What exciting things have you discovered using University Archival Collections? Please share with us in the comments.
Learn more about how I can help you research your WWII soldier, sailor, or Marine through my research services.
© 2016 World War II Research and Writing Center
I observe a lot of WWII conversations on Facebook, mostly in groups where people are asking for information on American WWII soldiers, sailors, and Marines. I observe several people replying with the same old free database links that everyone knows about, that will help you start your research but not take you deep enough into what you really want to know. How do we move from the same old links to something new and helpful?
First, understand that in America, unlike some countries in Europe, our WWII records are not in one archive within a state or the country. They are scattered throughout our National Archives branches across the country, Library of Congress, University library special collections, State libraries/archives/historical societies, local libraries/archives/historical societies, genealogical societies, WWII reunion groups or associations, Presidential Libraries, and many other locations.
Related to this is that the Official Military Personnel Files (OMPF) or service files are not digitized and online. This is one file you do want to help you piece together your soldier’s story. The Individual Deceased Personnel Files (IDPF) or death files are not online. Read more about records and access.
Second, most of our records are not digitized. Many archives, libraries, and organizations are working toward this end, but we are far from accomplishing this.
To really dig into the history of your soldier’s life, whether he is a family member or someone whose grave you adopted in Europe at an ABMC cemetery, you must dig into paper records at the various repositories. How can you do this if you live far away?
Often, repositories have researcher for hire lists on their websites. Beware! Most repositories do not vet the people who want to be on those lists so you take your chances when hiring those people. Contacting genealogical societies is often a good idea because the board members can refer you to the researcher in their group they know can do the work you need.
Finally, for the more experienced researcher who has a better idea of what specific information they seek, talk to other researchers to find out where the really good stuff is hiding.
To help you start your journey into unexpected repositories, please visit my State Specific WWII Resource pages. If you know of a repository that should be on this list (which is a work in progress and will never be complete), feel free to comment and share the link.
Learn more about how I can help you research your WWII soldier, sailor, or Marine through my research services.
© 2016 World War II Research and Writing Center
World War II research is a combination of online and offline research. Unfortunately, many researchers will tell you it’s all online and provide you with the same free database links over and over which do not move your research forward. It is important to follow the research process and pursue all leads, whether they are online or primarily offline. Navy records are one example of what is now becoming a good combination of online + offline materials because of digitization by Fold3. It is important to know that OMPFs are not being digitized at this time by NPRC in St. Louis so you will not find these valuable files online.
Today we will explore the Navy Official Military Personnel File (OMPF) or the service file. These files contain a lot of family information in addition to service information. Navy OMPFs were not affected by the 1973 NPRC fire and are intact. There is a fee to obtain copies. This record is held at the NPRC in St. Louis and you can read more about how to obtain this record in my article, WWII Education – Difference Between the OMPF and IDPF.
Look at the OMPF for George T. Howe, Jr., a naval pilot who is still Missing In Action today in the Pacific off the coast of California. (Not to be confused with his father George T. Howe who served in the Navy and rose to Lt. Commander. I have his OMPF, which is over 800 pages long.) When you request files be sure to include the service/serial number and birth date so NPRC doesn’t pull the almost right name but wrong man.
What can we learn about his life and service from his OMPF?
What can you do with all this information? Put together a timeline of service so you know where the sailor was, what units he was in, when he transferred, any illneses (where there are medical records), locate family information, and begin the process of seeking other records like his Naval Accident Report, unit records, and articles about him online.
Finally, because records access differs between the U.S. and Europe, please read, Why WWII Research Isn’t Free. Also read, Tips for Starting WWII Research.
Have you obtained the OMPF for you adopted soldier? What interesting information did you find? How did it help you move your research forward?
I am taking new clients at this time if you are interested in working with a researcher to pull records for any military branch. I’m also scheduling speaking appearances in Europe for 2017. Please contact me if your group is interested in a program. I have seven to choose from on my website.
© 2016 World War II Research and Writing Center
There is so much talk about Army and Air Force records from World War II, that today I want to switch gears and talk about Coast Guard records. I have observed through conversations on social media, that when people think about the Coast Guard for WWII, they think of either the Pacific Theater of Operations or Normandy. The public has a general knowledge that the Coast Guard assisted in the transportation of troops and materials during the war, especially for the Pacific Theater or D-Day. Did you know there are 698 Coast Guard service members listed on the Wall of the Missing or buried at the following cemeteries?
Obtaining the OMPF
Have you adopted the grave of a Coast Guard service member and investigated his life and service? The Coast Guard records were not affected by the 1973 fire at the National Personnel Records Center (NPRC) in St. Louis. The Official Military Personnel File (OMPF) is still intact there and can be requested by anyone. You can download Form 180 from the NPRC website, complete, and mail in. NPRC will let you know what the charge will be for a copy of the file.
What does the OMPF for a Coast Guard member contain? Depending on when the individual enlisted, it may contain the following items. This list is by no means complete as each file varies in content. View a sample of what is in Lt. Thomas James Crotty’s file. Crotty served in the Pacific Theater, but his file is a good example of what other Coast Guard files contain.
Obtaining the IDPF
The Individual Deceased Personnel File (IDPF) or death file, should also be requested. This is currently held by the Army and being scanned through Ft. Knox. You can email a FOIA request for the file to: ‘USARMY.KNOX.HRC.MBX.FOIA@MAIL.MIL’. It takes up to two years to receive files but they are free and scanned. You can view Lt. Crotty’s full IDPF.
What does the IDPF contain? Again, this list is by no means complete.
To learn more about these files and other records you can get for WWII service members, please see the Education section of my website. Both Honoring Service and Education have many links to articles.
Would you like to know more about Lt. Thomas Crotty? Here are several links to articles about his life. He is still considered MIA and listed on the Tablet of the Missing at Manila American Cemetery. May he never be forgotten.
I am taking new clients at this time if you are interested in working with a researcher to pull records for any military branch. I’m also scheduling speaking appearances in Europe for 2017. Please contact me if your group is interested in a program. I have seven to choose from on my website.
© 2016 World War II Research and Writing Center
Important! In a recent conversation on Facebook, someone posted they couldn’t trace their soldier every day, I suggested Morning Reports. Their response was they were working with DPAA because their soldier was still MIA and DPAA had provided unit level records and told them the OMPF burned. I responded that DPAA didn’t provide all the information possible and Morning Reports are the answer.
DPAA hardly uses Morning Reports or OMPFs in their research, from conversations I’ve had with them. It is not their job to reconstruct your soldier’s entire service history. Their job is to find details that document his MIA status in the hopes of locating the individual. They will not then provide you with the Morning Reports and details on service. If you want this information, you have to find it yourself or work with a researcher to locate this information. If they tell you it is impossible because the OMPF burned, they are wrong. You can retrace service without the OMPF.
Want to learn more about Morning Reports, how they can help your research, and how to obtain them? Read my articles: Company Morning Reports More on Company Morning Reports You can also watch the NARA Genealogy Fair session on Morning Reports from October 2016. Download the slides/handouts. What clues and information have you discovered in Morning Reports? Please share with us in the comments.The records access for the Individual Deceased Personnel File (IDPF) is changing. Here’s what you need to know.
The National Archives at St. Louis (same location as the NPRC) has the IDPFs for:
Request the IDPF
National Archives - St. Louis 1 Archives Drive St. Louis, MO 63138 314-801-0800
Surnames M-Z and Records at Ft. Knox
I’m not sure what this means for Ft. Knox and the scanned records. They are still working on the surnames M-Z for all branches. Those records in paper format will not be sent to National Archives at St. Louis until that is complete. I’ve heard nothing about them not sending files out, but who knows. You can certainly try to email them at USARMY.KNOX.HRC.MBX.FOIA@MAIL.MIL and request a file. It is taking on average, from what people are saying and I’m experiencing, 1-2 years to receive anything. And most people are still not receiving a confirmation letter that a request was ever made. Be sure to follow up with them often if you are requesting through Ft. Knox.
Working with My Research Services
If you are working with me on your adopted soldier or relative’s service history, the IDPF is still included in this research. I have a researcher on-site at NPRC/NARA St. Louis who is still able to pull ALL records available in a faster time than NPRC will answer requests. You also get a detailed report with analysis of all materials with copies of all records. There are several ways I work with clients. Learn more about my services.
© 2016 World War II Research and Writing Center
Two weeks ago I attended an Operation Market Garden re-enactment event in Son, Netherlands. You can read about it in my article Honoring Service: Living History in the Netherlands. In this article I stressed the importance of living history and how it provides context for our World War II soldier research. Today I’d like to continue that thought with things Americans should know about European WWII re-enactors and living history events.
1. Re-enacting groups exist all over Europe and the UK. Many groups come from the UK, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and sometimes Germany and Russia. They are not limited to the Netherlands where I have been spending time and writing about their events. Most re-enactors speak English. This is question many are asked when Americans first arrive at events.
I spent time last November with the 104th Division Friends of the Timberwolves group. They dedicated an entire day to showing me their museum, taking me for a ride in a WWII jeep around the countryside in the Netherlands where the 104th liberated villages, and provided me with a lot of printed history to take home to read.
2. The re-enactors own all the vehicles, uniforms, weapons, ammunition, books, and other items you see at an event or encampment.
Often, re-enactors are asked how the vehicles, uniforms, weapons, and other items visitors of battles or encampments see, get to Europe from the U.S. for the event. What visitors do not realize is, the things they see were left here (for the most part) after World War II. Some items are battlefield pick-ups and others were found in various locations around the continent. On occasion, items are purchased from U.S. sellers and shipped to Europe.
3. They invest their time and money.
Re-enactors are volunteers. It is rare to be paid to participate in an event. Usually, events in which they participate require a fee to participate. This comes out of the re-enactor’s individual pockets or their group budget.
4. Re-enactors do extensive research into the unit(s) they re-enact. Many provide educational programs in local schools. Some provide tours in the areas in which they live or have special knowledge of units and battles.
Part of the educational experience provided at events is the history of the unit, area, battle, or equipment used. School groups often attend events with an activity to complete so they talk to the participants and learn about the war. Re-enactors often visit schools to provide information on specific battles or commemorative dates.
5. Re-enactors try to explain what Americans did in Europe during the war. This includes clarifying misconceptions about battles, locations of troops, what was written in history books or is taught in school today, and issues that arose during the war.
Not all books written about the war have accurate information. We have to keep in mind that military reports are written from many different perspectives. The battles fought are usually described in different ways by participants. Picture two men sitting in a foxhole, both looking in different directions. They will experience and describe a battle from two different perspectives. Same battle but different experience because of the way they were facing and the trials they endured. Re-enactors do research to help clear up some of the discrepancies in written histories and provide information on what actually happened in their countries.
6. Many adopt American graves at one of the European ABMC cemeteries for WWI or WWII.
Many re-enactors adopt a grave at one of the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) Cemeteries in Europe. This means they honor the soldier’s grave or his name on the Wall of the Missing, several times a year. This often happens on the soldier’s birth date, death date, Memorial Day, Veterans Day and country Liberation holidays. Grave adopters research the service of their soldier so they can tell their story. One of the most important pieces of the research is a photograph so the adopter can put a face with the name. Usually grave adopters try to locate family members of the soldier. When this happens, both parties are able to share information and put more pieces of the soldier’s story together in the puzzle.
Important! ABMC runs the cemeteries, maintains the cemetery grounds and graves, visitor center and chapel. Grave adopters have no responsibility for the upkeep of any grave they adopt. Their only “job” is to honor the memory of the soldier. It is commonly misunderstood that grave adopters maintain the graves they adopt.
7. Re-enactors often join U.S. WWII reunion associations. They travel to the U.S. to attend reunions and special events, write articles for those association newsletters or magazines, and interact and travel with with veterans in the U.S. and Europe.
Our World War II veterans are dying by the hundreds each week. Many re-enactors have met veterans from units they re-enact, both at events in the U.S. and in Europe. They become friends and visit each other on both continents. Often the re-enactors will also write articles about events and resources in Europe for these association magazines or newsletters. This is another way they provide education.
8. Re-enactment is not all about the battle but also daily life of a soldier. Many groups provide honor guards for commemorations or special events related to World War II in Europe.
Battles are not always fought during re-enactment events. Many times, visitors can see and experience what daily life was like in an encampment. Men cleaning their weapons, setting up tents, preparing medical supplies, stocking vehicles for movement, typing reports, and eating meals. What our soldiers experienced in the war was not constant battle, although for some it may have felt like that due to little time off the front lines. Daily camp life was part of their experience that we should understand.
It should also be noted, these events do not only happen during warm and nice weather. The war was a year-round event and those who fought in the Battle of the Bulge experienced one of the worst winters in Northern Europe’s history. Re-enactors can often be found staging battles or setting up camp even in winter conditions around the continent.
9. Due to the long history of warfare in the UK and Europe, re-enactors can provide re-enactment services for more than WWII. They can re-enact anything from the Middle Ages to the present.
Europe has a longer history than the U.S. and of course, has participated in many more wars and conflicts. We know from history that country borders and alliances changed every time the wind blew. This long history provides individuals with many options to provide living history experiences.
10. Men and women join re-enactment groups because:
It gives them a chance to spend time with like-minded people on a hobby they enjoy. Re-enactors also wish to honor, educate, and remember the sacrifices of our men and women who liberated their countries.
Have I missed anything you feel people should know about European re-enactment groups? Please leave your thoughts in the comments.
I am taking new clients at this time if you are interested in working with a researcher to pull records for any military branch. I’m also scheduling speaking appearances in Europe for 2017. Please contact me if your group is interested in a program. I have seven to choose from on my website.
© 2016 World War II Research and Writing Center